How We'll Turn Pee → Ammonium Sulfate…

Picture of what this could look like from a prior experiment done in Finland.

Procedure Document

1. We take a 1L glass bottle and put 700mL of urine inside.
2. We add 14 grams of calcium hydroxide $(Ca(OH)2)$ to the 0.7 L of urine to increase it's pH level to 12 from the original .
3. We take two more glass bottles, connect them with airflow tubes, put 0.90mL of sulfiric acid into one & 0.90mL into the other, and add an air outlet on the second glass bottle.
   • Why sulfiric acid?
     • Because you need 1 sulfuric acid & 2 ammonia molecules to make ammonium sulfate.
   • Why 0.90mL?
4. The urine bottle is then heated to 30 degrees Celsius to induce faster ammonia stripping and air is added to the 1L urine bottle using a ceramic diffuser that flows air in at a rate of 1100 - 1200 mL/min to strip the ammonia from the urine.
5. The stripped ammonia is passed into the bottle with 0.90mL bottle and this reacts with the sulphuric acid we added in step 3 to create ammonium sulfate.
6. Any excess byproducts are passed into the second bottle and will either react with the sulfuric acid to create ammonium sulfate or will exit through the air outlet.

Tools Needed

1. 700 ml of urine
2. 1 L Glass Beaker, 0.9mL Glass Beaker, 0.9mL Glass Beaker
3. 14 Grams Of Calcium Hydroxide
4. Airflow Tubes
5. 1.8mL of Sulphuric Acid
6. Ceramic Diffuser(air flow rate of 1200mL/min)